ABSTRACT
Introduction: Diabetes Mellitus prevalence is high in Indiaand is increasing every year, with strain on the economy formanagement of this disease and its complications. As the dataon the level of awareness and knowledge about diabetes isscarce, this study was done.Material and methods: It is a cross-sectional study conductedon 182 diabetic patients attending a tertiary care teachinghospital of north eastern India, over a period of two months,using questionnaire. The clinical and non-clinical data weretabulated and quantitative data expressed as percentage.Results: Among 182 diabetics, 43.96% patients knew aboutthe cause of DM, 25.27% knew polyuria as its symptom, 45%patients had an idea of blood sugar testing, 19.23% knewabout its management and 27.47% answered loss of visionas its complications. Majority patients, 58.79%, weren’tcounselled about the disease.Conclusions: Knowledge and awareness about DiabetesMellitus was poor in present study population. Hence it isimportant to extend the diabetic health programs with propercounselling in mass campaigns to improve their knowledgeand thus prevent complications.
ABSTRACT
Introduction: Hypertension is a global pandemic andrising every year. Detection of hypertension among doctorsis of utmost importance as hypertension is one of the majorcauses for diseases like chronic kidney disease, stroke, heartfailure and there is paucity in the studies done on doctors forprevalence of hypertension in India. Objective: The studywas undertaken to estimate the occurrence of hypertension inresident doctors of the clinical departments of a tertiary carehospital of northeastern India.Material and methods: It is a hospital based cross-sectionalstudy, conducted in the Department of General Medicine,Paediatrics and General surgery of tertiary care hospital ofnortheastern India including 100 doctors participants. Datalike age, height, weight, family history, smoking history weretaken. Blood pressure was measured on two occasions, oneon an emergency day and another on a non- emergency day.Statistical analysis: Data entry was done and evaluated usingMicrosoft Excel 2010 and IBM SPSS statistics 20.Results: The prevalence of hypertension and prehypertensionamong the doctors was found in 36% and 13% respectively,on an emergency day. This huge number of hypertension wasreduced to 19% when BP was taken on a non- emergency day.There was also significant positive relation between smokingand mean systolic BP (p-value <0.05).Conclusion: The prevalence of hypertension among doctorsis no less than the general population. Stress like emergencyduties may be an important factor of higher prevalence ofhypertension in doctors. There is a need of changes in lifestylefor better future for doctors and hence for the population.
ABSTRACT
Background: Lymphadenopathy is one of the commonest manifestations of a variety of diseases of diverse etiology. Tuberculosis, metastasis, acute suppurations and lymphomas are some of the entities. Fine needle aspiration cytology is a precise diagnostic technique for evaluation of different causations of lymphadenopathy and is comparable to the gold standard test excision biopsy and histopathological examination. Aims and Objectives: The study was designed to evaluate the clinicopathological profile of patients presenting with peripheral lymphadenopathy, establishing the role of fine needle aspiration cytology in the etiological diagnosis and to assess its sensitivity and specificity to correlate the findings with histopathological examination. Materials and Methods: One year single centered hospital based prospective analytical study was conducted in a tertiary care teaching hospital in north eastern India among 100 adult patients aged above 15 years presenting with accessible peripheral lymphadenopathy. Results and Observation: A male preponderance with maximum occurrence in the age group 15-40 years with features of neck swelling, fever, night sweats, unilateral cervical lymphnode involvement, anemia and raised ESR were common. Fine needle aspiration cytology was successfully done in 98% cases whereas excision biopsy in 90% cases. Diagnosis arrived on the basis of aspiration cytology and histopathology were tubercular in 52.04% vs 52.22%, metastasis in 25.51% vs 28.88%, nonspecific reactive lymphadenitis in 17.34% vs 13.33%. Hodgkin’s and Non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma in 2.04% vs 2.22% and 3.06% vs 3.33% cases respectively. The respective sensitivity and specificity of aspiration cytology vis-a-vis histopathology obtained in various groups are statistically significant (p< 0.0001) in each of tuberculosis 95.65% vs 100%, metastasis 96% vs 100%, nonspecific reactive lymphadenitis 100% vs 96%, Hodgkin’s lymphoma and Non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma 100% vs 100%. Conclusion: Peripheral lymphadenopathy is a manifestation of a variety of diseases and fine needle aspiration cytology is a convenient and accurate diagnostic tool in evaluation of lymphadenopathies.